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How water sensors work?

Updated: Aug 14

By gaining a thorough understanding, you can effectively engage in the installation, operation, and enhancement of a water sensor system to cater to your specific requirements. Fortunately, comprehending the functioning of water sensors is straightforward.


Water sensors utilizing water conductivity are widely utilized in India. The majority of water level alarms and automation systems depend on these type of water sensors. The number of water sensor probes in the water can vary depending on the device, ranging from 2 to more. These water sensors are specifically designed to function effectively in unprocessed raw water sources such as ground, sea, or tap water, as the raw water enables the transmission of minute sensor signals.


Water sensor probes establish a connection between water and an electronic circuit within a water level alarm or automation device. The device produces a signal and transmits it to a sensor probe located in the water tank (via a wire that links the sensors to the device). This particular sensor is commonly referred to as the reference sensor. The signal originating from the reference sensor propagates to other sensors as they are submerged in water. Upon receiving a signal from a sensor, the device triggers the function assigned to that specific sensor.


Two sensor probe devices typically serve a single function such as water overflow alarms, low water level alarms, or overflow auto-stop devices. When both water sensor probes are submerged in water, the water alarm or auto-stop mechanism is activated. Identifying the specific function of each water sensor is not necessary, making the installation of a water level alarm or overflow auto-stop system using two water sensor probes straightforward. The signal flow for sensing is illustrated in the diagram below.

Water Sensor Signal Flow
Water Sensor Signal Flow

Three sensor devices are dual function. The water level alarm can detect both overflow and low water levels. In automation, the use of three water sensors typically involves both auto-start and auto-stop functions. When working with three water sensor devices, it is crucial to identify the reference signal sensor, which should be the lowest sensor in the tank. The signal from the reference sensor flows to the upper sensors as they are submerged in water, as illustrated in the diagrams below.

Water Sensor Signal to Water Tank
Water Sensor Signal to Water Tank


Water sensing signal has reached water tank.











Water Sensor Signal From Low Level Sensor
Water Sensor Signal From Low Level Sensor

Water sensing signal is being conducted back by one sensor to device














Water Sensor Signal From Full Level Sensor
Water Sensor Signal From Full Level Sensor

Water sensing signal is being conducted back to device by both upper level sensors.













SensaSwitch simplifies the installation and management of water sensors by offering 3 or more pre-connected water sensor devices in a set. The buyer simply needs to hang the provided sensor set in the water tank and connect it to the main device for effortless setup.


The information provided above serves as a fundamental guide to assist users in understanding the functioning of water sensors. With this knowledge, users can effectively adjust the water sensor level in a water tank or modify the gap between water sensors to align with their individual requirements.


Finally, the sensor function described above pertains specifically to raw water sensors. Typically, all Sensaswitch devices come equipped solely with raw water sensors. Should the need arise for de-mineralized (DM/RO), sludge water, or storm water sensing, different types of water sensors will be necessary.

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